The Neapolitan Christmas traditions are rich in history, culture, and family warmth. Here are some of the most important ones:
1. Nativity Scene
The Neapolitan nativity scene is an art form that dates back to the 18th century. Each family prepares their own nativity scene with handmade figurines, often passed down from generation to generation. On San Gregorio Armeno, the famous street of nativity scenes, you can find artisan shops selling traditional and modern figures. In addition to the classic characters of the Nativity, the Neapolitan nativity scene often includes scenes of daily life and symbolic characters.
2. Christmas Eve Dinner
The Christmas Eve dinner (December 24) is a fundamental moment. The tradition calls for a menu based on fish and seafood, with dishes such as:
- Capitone (fried or marinated eel)
- Fried cod
- Spaghetti with clams
- Side dishes like "rinforzo" salad, Christmas broccoli ("friarielli"), and vegetable pastries.
3. Tombola
Neapolitan tombola is a traditional board game during the Christmas holidays. Each number has a symbolic meaning associated with the Neapolitan "Smorfia, " a system of numerical interpretation of dreams. It is a joyful moment that involves both young and old.
4. Struffoli and Christmas sweets
Sweets are an essential element of the festivities. Struffoli, small balls of fried dough dipped in honey and decorated with colorful sprinkles, are the symbol of Christmas sweetness. Other typical sweets include:
- Roccocò
- Mustaccioli
- Susamielli
- Pastiera (although more typical of Easter, it is often prepared at Christmas too).
5. Midnight Mass
Many Neapolitans attend the Christmas Eve Midnight Mass to celebrate the Nativity. The churches of Naples, including the Sansevero Chapel or the Cathedral, offer a unique atmosphere to experience this spiritual moment.
6. The Christmas Log
An ancient but less common tradition today is to light the Christmas log, a symbol of protection and good wishes for the family.
7. Christmas with relatives
Christmas Day (December 25) is dedicated to lunch with the family. Hearty dishes are served such as Neapolitan lasagna, ragu, baked meat, and traditional sweets.
8. New Year's Eve and Epiphany
The celebrations continue with New Year's Eve, when it is tradition to eat lentils and cotechino sausage to wish for prosperity. The Christmas cycle ends with Epiphany, when the Befana brings sweets and gifts to children.
These traditions reflect the welcoming and warm spirit of Neapolitan Christmas, an opportunity to bring the family together and celebrate with love and joy.
